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2D-DLD Detector

Two dimensional delayline detector with high linearity and low dark count rate.

The 2D DLD detector is a high performance detector system for time resolved measurements (time of flight intruments) and classical hemispherical energy analyzers. It features a high linearity with extremely low dark count rates. The detection scheme combines an MCP chevron stack for electron multiplication, followed by a two dimensional delayline detection array. A time to digital converter synchronizes the detector with an external signal, e.g. from a puled light source. As a result, this 2D detector provides a real count rate in cps. The operational frequency is 5-8 MHz with an optional frequency extension to 50-80 MHz. A extended time range adaption is avilable on request

KEY FEATURES

  • Fast 2D Delayline Detector
  • Low Noise and Dark Count Rate
  • High Linear Response
  • Time Resolution < 240 ps

MADE FOR THESE METHODS

2

SPECIFICATIONS

2D-DLD Detector
Operation
Number of Channels

1000x800 max

Active Detector Area

40 mm

Type of Detector

Two Dimensional Delayline Detector

Compatible with

PHOIBOS Series
ASTRAIOS 190
KREIOS Series
THEMIS Series
METIS 1000

Performance
Max. Count Rate

> 2 Mcps

Linearity

1 Mcps

Time Resolution

240 ps

Noise

< 5 cps

Typical Lateral Resolution

150 µm

Mounting
Mounting Flange

DN100CF

RELATED PRODUCTS

24

PUBLICATIONS

  1. (2019) Insights into the role of Zn and Ga in the hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol over Pd

    The hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol is a viable alternative for reducing greenhouse gases net emissions as well as a route for hydrogen storage and transportation. In this context, the synthesis of active and selective catalysts is a relevant objective. In this work, we study the promotion of Pd with Ga and Zn in the hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol at 800 kPa and 220–280 °C. Mono and intermetallic catalysts (Pd/SiO2, PdGa/SiO2 and Pd-Zn/SiO2) were synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation with the aid of triethanolamine as an organic additive, obtaining similar average metal particle sizes (between 9 and 12 nm). Kinetic analysis reveals that the addition of Ga and Zn increases the turnover frequency for methanol formation by an order of magnitude without significant changes in the reaction rate of the reverse water-gas shift (r-WGS) which is a parallel undesired reaction. The selectivity to methanol (at 220 °C) thus increases from 3% for Pd/SiO2 to 12% for Pd-Ga/SiO2 and 30% for Pd-Zn/SiO2. XPS studies, Infrared analysis of CO adsorption, and XRD analyses show the presence of intermetallic phases Pd2Ga and PdZn on the surface. The results suggest that Ga and Zn promote Pd, increasing its activity towards the synthesis of methanol, by creating more active sites for this reaction. These sites are likely formed by intermetallic compounds such as Pd2Ga and PdZn.



    R. Manrique, R. Jiménez, J. Rodríguez-Pereira, V. G. Baldovino-Medrano, and A. Karelovic
    International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 44, Issue 31, 21 June 2019, Pages 16526-16536
    Read more
  2. (2017) Catalytic consequences of Ga promotion on Cu for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol

    The promotion of Ga on SiO2 supported Cu in the hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol at 800 kPa and 200–280 °C was investigated. Cu/SiO2 and CuGa/SiO2 catalysts were prepared by a water-in-oil microemulsion technique resulting in Cu clusters of 4–6.5 nm. It was found that Ga addition increased the methanol formation rate by an order of magnitude without significantly changing that for reverse water gas shift (RWGS). This trend is also evidenced by the decrease in the apparent activation barrier for methanol formation from 78 (for Cu/SiO2) to 26–39 kJ mol−1 when Ga was added, but not for RWGS (107–132 kJ mol−1). Kinetic and in situ DRIFTS analyses revealed that formate intermediates are adsorbed on both Cu and Ga2O3 and that methoxy hydrogenation could be the rate determining step of methanol synthesis. In the case of RWGS, a zero order of CO formation with respect to H2 concentration was consistent with a redox mechanism and with the reaction occurring predominantly on Cu sites. The results suggest that Ga promotes Cu increasing methanol selectivity, likely by creating new active sites for methanol formation without modifying its oxidation state, which under reaction conditions remains mostly metallic.



    J. C. Medina, M. Figueroa, R. Manrique, J. R. Pereira, P. D. Srinivasan, J. J. Bravo-Suárez, V. G. Baldovino Medrano, R. Jiméneza and A. Karelovic
    Catal. Sci. Technol., 2017,7, 3375-3387
    Read more

SPARE PARTS

1
Product image
Product description
Article No.
 
DN40CF 4-fold SMB Feedthrough for DLD

Spare electrical feedthrough for all DLD detectors. Connection flange for the ACU unit

2100011768

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